The problem of migration in the world does not cease to be relevant. Even economically prosperous countries are faced with a serious outflow of the working-age population. Recent studies show that about 20% of young citizens of the republic are interested in the question of where to leave Kazakhstan for permanent residence. Middle-aged people and even aksakals are also leaving. Despite the emerging economic growth, Kazakhs are still looking for a better lot abroad.
Why Kazakhs seek to leave
Usually people are forced to leave their home. In conditions of war, hunger, persecution, they are forced to save their lives. In multinational Kazakhstan, everything is relatively calm, the country is developing steadily, but the speed of transformation leaves much to be desired.
The reasons for migration are as follows:
- The republic is multinational and part of the non-indigenous population is inclined to move to their historical homeland.
- There is high competition in the labor market in Kazakhstan. Employment problems are forcing them to look for options in neighboring and distant countries.
- Restrictions on the use of Russian and other national languages, the growth of nationalism intensify the outflow of residents.
Against the background of the campaign for the return of repatriates, Russians, Germans, Tatars, Chechens and others easily agree to move from Kazakhstan. These are the underlying reasons for the non-indigenous population.
As for ethnic Kazakhs, the reasons for their departure are prosaic:
- political - lack of stability, uncertainty about the future;
- social - the desire to improve the quality of life, the desire to move freely around the world;
- economic - the need to increase prosperity, preserve capital.
Where can you go
You can leave first of all to the neighbors. And by and large - anywhere. There would be desire and financial capabilities. A third of migrants choose Russia.
About half aspires to European countries. The question of which country in Europe to immigrate to is quite simple. Everything is determined by the status of the immigrant, the availability of work or the prospects of employment and family ties. Any receiving party is interested in acquiring useful citizens. Legislation is also loyal to relatives, making it possible to obtain a residence permit relatively quickly. All roads are open for students of European universities.
They go where it is easiest to obtain citizenship. A residence permit does not solve all problems. It needs to be renewed from time to time, there is a risk of refusal without explanation.
Permanent residence status (permanent residence) gives the rights of indigenous citizens, with the exception of the right to vote and be elected to government bodies. But for this you need to live in a European country for at least five years and pass the language proficiency test.
Immigration legislation is about the same in any EU country.
Immigration to Canada from Kazakhstan is less common due to its greater complexity. There are several resettlement programs. But before submitting documents, you must pass the international IELTS exam in English or French for 6 points (CLB) at least, which is not so easy, and get a certificate that is valid for only two years.
You will also need to draw up a report on financial solvency ─ bank statements for several months, which should reflect the availability of from 12 to 31.5 thousand Canadian dollars, depending on the number of people in the family. This does not include the value of movable and immovable property, cars and jewelry. In addition, you will have to find a job in Canada or prepare a business plan.
Emigration from Kazakhstan to the USA, Australia or New Zealand looks no less difficult, but with different nuances. By the way, entry into the last country is simplified for women.
Moving algorithm
If we are talking about Europe, first it is better to obtain permanent residence in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Malta, and then a residence permit under a simplified procedure in the country in which it is supposed to stay ultimately. This can be done by acting as an investor.
For example, according to the changes in the investment program of Hungary from 01.07. 2021, the investor and his family members received permanent residence status, bypassing the residence permit. But, unfortunately, from March 31, 2021, the issue of government bonds for the program was discontinued, and it was closed. Therefore, Kazakhstanis should pay attention to the state investment program of Malta.
The processing time for documents for permanent residence from Kazakhstan does not exceed 6 months. The standard procedure (using the example of the same Hungary) is not so simple and includes the following steps:
- Obtaining permission to leave Kazakhstan in the internal affairs body (OVD) or the Public Service Center (PSC). Issued in 30-31 days. You will have to pay a fee in the amount of a monthly calculation index (about 2500 tenge).
- Applying for a visa at the Hungarian consulate in Astana or Almaty or at the immigration office in Budapest, the consular fee for which is at least 35 euros.
- Buying bonds.
- Submission of documents for a residence permit, and then an application for permanent residence.
- Obtaining a card at a consulate or remotely.
Required documents
In any case, you need to start by preparing documents and applying for permission. By the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 610 of 29.09.17, changes were made to the rules for issuing travel documents for permanent residence.
Extract from Kazakhstan for permanent residence requires a personal appeal (or through a legal representative) to the migration department of the Internal Affairs Directorate at the place of residence or PSC with the provision of:
- application forms;
- identity cards, passports, birth certificates of children (up to 16 years old);
- confirmation of the absence of obstacles stipulated by law, including the payment of alimony;
- permits of the guardianship authorities for the export of the child;
- receipts for payment of state duty;
- certificates of removal from military registration and delivery of a military card.
Then you can contact the consulate or embassy of the country to which you intend to travel. The minimum package of documents there will be as follows:
- Passport.
- Certificate of good conduct.
- Address reference.
- Birth certificate of children and marriage.
- A letter of recommendation from the bank.
Taking Malta as an example. The investment contribution can be made by choice:
- 250 thousand euros ─ for the purchase of government bonds, with the possibility of selling them in 5 years;
- 350 thousand euros ─ purchase of real estate;
- 10 thousand euros per year - rental of real estate for 5 years.
In this case, you will need to pay a one-time non-refundable administrative fee of 30 thousand euros and prove the presence of an annual income of 100,000 euros or capital of 500 thousand.
To Canada you will need:
- a valid passport with a visa;
- police and bank certificates;
- rental agreement;
- means of living;
- IELTS certificate;
- university graduation diploma;
- confirmation of qualifications (if you have a Kazakh diploma);
- sponsor's letter (for family reunification);
- certificate confirming relationship with the inviting party;
- a certificate of enrollment in a university (for students) or a receipt of payment for tuition.
Renunciation of Kazakhstani citizenship
After obtaining a permit for permanent residence in another country, renunciation of citizenship of Kazakhstan is inevitable. Dual citizenship in Kazakhstan is prohibited by law (Article 10 of the Constitution, Article 3 of the Law "On Citizenship").
It is necessary to attach to the package of papers for obtaining permanent residence a statement of intent to renounce the citizenship of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
You must leave within three months. Otherwise, you face administrative liability under Art. 492, 493 of the Administrative Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Oralmans ─ reverse process
As you know, there are different types of population migration. There is internal, external, and recently, so to speak, there has been a return repatriation."Returnees" or oralmans are accepted back from a limited number of countries. These can be ethnic Kazakhs - residents:
- Russian Federation;
- Uzbekistan;
- Kyrgyzstan;
- Turkmenistan;
- Iran;
- Afghanistan;
- Mongolia;
- Pakistan;
- China.
To obtain the status of a repatriate, you need to submit an application to the executive body in your city, obtain a permit for permanent residence and issue a certificate. Further, you can count on benefits, compensation and assistance from the state, as well as obtaining citizenship according to an accelerated procedure. We'll have to go through an adaptation camp.
Conclusions
Where to emigrate from Kazakhstan in 2021 depends not only on the desire of the resident of the republic, but also on a host of other factors, the most important of which are:
- profession;
- the level of education;
- knowledge of the language;
- financial opportunities.
The decision is serious, requires thorough preparation, but if the time is ripe, it is quite realizable.
