Transfer payments from abroad account for up to 26 percent of the income of the population of Uzbekistan. The work of citizens in other countries is an object of state policy aimed at limiting illegal activities and replenishing the national budget with foreign currency. Citizens' foreign incomes are taxed, seniority is accrued on them, followed by retirement benefits.
State migration policy
Since 2003, work abroad for citizens of Uzbekistan has been supervised by the Agency for External Labor Migration under the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Population.
An Uzbek can himself look for vacancies in foreign firms or apply for participation in quotas organized under intergovernmental agreements.
If the applicant negotiates with a foreign employer directly, then the Agency must obtain permits.
As part of employment under migration quotas, the Agency undertakes the selection of candidates and the provision of information about them to the authorized body of the counterparty country. Paid services are provided to migrants, including training, transportation and medical examination.
Consultations, acceptance of papers and training in foreign languages are carried out by the Agency's branches in Tashkent.
The organization cooperates with private personnel services in:
- Bukhara;
- Fergana;
- Karshi;
- Nukus.
Departure within the framework of an organized selection
Migration quotas are the result of intergovernmental agreements. For a country with which firm agreements have been reached, the Agency opens a Center for Pre-Departure Adaptation, in which candidates learn the national language, customs and other necessary information for living in the host country.
Cooperation with South Korea has more than 10 years, this is the longest experience of organized departure of labor migrants. Similar agreements with Russia, Poland and Japan have come into effect over the past two years.
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The cost of training is:
- In the Polish and Russian centers - 600 thousand soums;
- Korean - 900 thousand soums.
On the part of Uzbekistan, the selection of candidates follows the following scenario:
- Filling out a questionnaire on the Agency's website;
- Exam in the state language of the country of departure;
- Medical examination at an authorized agency of the agency (cost - 127.5 thousand soums);
- Submission of personal documents, including passport, photo, receipt of payment of state duty;
- Sending information about the candidate to the receiving party.
The final decision on hiring a candidate is made by the employer.
South Korea
Over ten years, within the framework of an organized selection, 27 thousand people left Korea, at the beginning of 2021 they worked there 16.5 thousand Uzbeks.
South Korean firms enter into employment contracts through the South Korea Human Resource Development Service, where the Agency sends candidate data.
Mandatory conditions:
- The age of applicants for employment is limited to the range of 18-39 years;
- Knowledge of the national language at a level satisfactory for work and life;
- Clean criminal record with no previous convictions and no incidents of forced expulsion from Korea.
Russia
According to various estimates, 1.5-2 million Uzbeks work in Russia, but an intergovernmental agreement on the regulation of the migration flow appeared recently - in 2017. The quota for 2021 under the agreement was 50 thousand people. Participants in organized recruitment will receive priority for employment.
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According to the new procedure, data on vacancies of Russian employers are accumulated in the Ministry of Labor of Uzbekistan.
Representative offices of the Migration Agency will open in:
- Moscow;
- Petersburg;
- Novosibirsk;
- Rostov.
The selection process accepts adult candidates with the right to live and work in Russia, which are documented. The Ministry of Labor of Uzbekistan undertakes to organize language training according to the methods of the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia. The organization of the delivery of migrants to the destination address is carried out by the Migration Agency.
Poland
It is the only country in Europe with which there is experience in the entry of Uzbek workers within the framework of organized quotas. In 2017, 1,200 Uzbeks received work visas to Poland, as evidenced by data from the Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Policy of Poland.
As a result of the negotiations that took place in the spring of 2018, documents on cooperation were signed with ten Polish employers. The total quota requested by Uzbekistan for 2021 is 3 thousand people.
Japan
Departure of Uzbeks to Japan is ensured by intergovernmental agreements and relations between regions.
At the national level, it is stated that the Migration Agency of Uzbekistan is the authorized body of the Japanese International Organization for Cooperation in Training (LTSO) to coordinate the entry of citizens of Uzbekistan for labor training - internships.
In addition, there is an internship agreement with the Chuo Sangye Shinko Association.
In March 2018, it became known about cooperation between the cities of Rishtan and Tomioka to create an experimental garden in Uzbekistan. Three-month courses are organized at the Rishtan-Tomioka Cultural Center.
Subject to successful passing of the exams, it becomes possible to travel to work and study in Japan.
Independent check-out
A citizen of Uzbekistan can go abroad to work without resorting to the assistance of the Migration Agency. In order not to violate the legislation of Uzbekistan, he must obtain permission.
To do this, the Agency must submit:
- Statement;
- A notarized copy of the contract with a foreign company in Uzbek (the contract must include social guarantees and necessary insurance);
- Obligation to secure a work visa;
- Information about the company-nanimetel;
- Certificate of objective information;
- Medical certificate;
- Receipt for payment of state duty.
According to the Agency's statistics, for 2021, work permits were issued in the Czech Republic, Switzerland and France, the UAE and India.
