Working in Italy attracts many foreigners due to the high level of salaries, comfortable geographical and economic location of the country. But it is quite difficult for immigrants to find a job in the country due to the limited number of vacancies for foreigners.
Economic situation
The Italian economy is clearly divided along territorial lines. In the north of the country (Milan, Turin), heavy and light industries are developed, the south (Rome, Naples) is responsible for the agrarian complex and tourism. The last recorded unemployment rate was 11,5%, and growth does not stop.
In Italy, there is a high level of competition for work among immigrants, since the number of jobs for foreign workers is strictly limited by law - the Italian government annually determines the number and range of vacancies that citizens of other states can fill.
Residents of the CIS countries (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus) can rely mainly on work in the service sector, food, cosmetology, tourism, hotel and restaurant business (service personnel).
It will be difficult for residents of these states to find scientific, medical, high-tech positions in Italy: there is great competition among Italians and citizens of the European Union. In addition, in Italy, the certificates of the universities of the post-Soviet space, confirming the qualifications, are invalid.
There are also pluses in this situation:
- low competition for jobs. Among emigrants, Poland, Bulgaria and other countries closer to home are more in demand;
- high monthly salary;
- high social guarantees for foreigners in the workplace.
The working conditions are similar to those provided to Italians.
Most in-demand professions in 2021
The following trend is observed in the demand for specialists:
- IT specialists who understand blockchains;
- farm workers;
- designers;
- cinematographer (screenwriter, actor, director);
- animator;
- financier;
- technical engineers;
- an employee in the field of trade (seller, consultant manager);
- doctors;
- pharmacists;
- travel agency workers;
- an employee in the field of tourism (guide, tour guide).
The main directions in which a Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian can get a job: modern computer technology, catering, the creation and production of clothing, medicine, construction, services, tourism, agriculture, medicine and the production of medicines.
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Wage level
The salary level differs depending on the region - the farther south of the territory, the lower the earnings. On average, you can get 1500 euros per month, minimum - 1000-1200 euros per month.
| Profession | Minimum salary, euro / month | Average salary, euro / month |
| The hairdresser | 667 | 920 |
| Flower seller | 750 | 1000 |
| Taxi driver | 840 | 1200 |
| Doctor | 1400 | 1750 |
| Pharmacist | 1600 | 2000 |
| Engineer | 1500 | 1700 |
| Programmer | 915 | 1200 |
| IT specialist | 1250 | 1500 |
| Accountant | 1080 | 1350 |
| Driver | 1080 | 1250 |
Of course, the level of professionalism and the position held also affect the size of the salary.
How to find a job without intermediaries
Vacancies for immigrants are not always publicly available, so it is easier to find work directly on the spot.
Where to look for work in Italy:
- street notice board;
- local labor exchange;
- newspapers with the publication of vacancies;
- self-survey of potential employers.
You can make a preliminary tourist trip to Italy with a short stay in the country in order to find employment.
Popular job search sites
If there is no time and money to find a job on the spot, you can use job search sites without leaving your home country:
- www.lavoroecarriere.it/;
- it.jobrapido.com/;
- lavoro.corriere.it/;
- it.indeed.com/;
- www.careerjet.it/.
The first 3 resources are Italian, the rest are international. They represent a direct path from the publication of an advertisement by Italian employers to the receipt of information by potential employees.
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Specialized agencies
Most of the Russian-language sites with Italian vacancies belong to recruiting agencies that are engaged in the employment of CIS citizens in Europe.
Among them, it is important to find proven ones:
- www.adecco.it/;
- www.e-workspa.it/index.php;
- www.gigroup.it/.
Suspicious agencies are capable of fraud, it is necessary to check their documentation and activities before entering into an agreement.
Employment types
Working for immigrants in Italy differs depending on their gender, marital status, different skills, for example, knowledge of foreign languages. For each category, you can choose your own options for employment.
Work without knowing the language
Knowledge of the Italian language is a priority requirement when applying for a job in the country. Without his full knowledge, it is also possible to get a job with a minimum level of spoken language or with knowledge of English.
Despite the knowledge of foreign languages, a man from Russia, Ukraine or other CIS countries can count on such positions:
- builder;
- fitter, electrician;
- handyman;
- welder;
- au pair;
- a worker in the vineyards;
- gardener.
Ukrainian, Russian, Moldovan woman or girl will find the following vacancies:
- dishwasher;
- cleaning lady in public places;
- housekeeper, cleaner in private houses or apartments;
- nurse;
- housemaid;
- governess.
Often, families who moved to Italy from the CIS countries several generations ago hire girls as companion caregivers for pensioners.
Seasonal work
Seasonal vacancies in Italy are calculated for up to 9 months:
- a picker in fields and vineyards;
- agricultural worker;
- guide;
- service personnel in hotels;
- administrator.
Seasonal harvesting work often occurs in the summer - first half of autumn.
Temporary job
Temporary positions are mainly in the service sector, catering:
- masseur;
- the hairdresser;
- translator;
- Cook;
- waiter;
- dishwasher.
Couples are sometimes hired as guides.
Other options
Rotational work involves constant presence at the place of performance of labor duties:
- harvest collector;
- nanny or housekeeping companion;
- construction workers;
- a nurse for the elderly;
- animator.
As a rule, the employer provides employees with housing, pocket money or food in the case of a rotational method.
Official employment procedure
Official employment in Italy is impossible without a work visa.
Priority of actions
The prospective employee must perform the following actions:
- Finding an employer.
- The employer obtains permission to hire a foreign employee.
- Issuance of an invitation to work (labor agreement) to an employee.
- Registration of a work visa.
Upon arrival in Italy, a foreigner must, within 8 days, contact the nearest police department and register.
Types of work permits
In Italy, a work permit is issued for all foreigners from non-EU countries Nulla Osta... The permit is issued by the government as part of the annual job quotas for immigrants.
The employer must send the request for permission after contacting the prospective employee. The permit is issued for 180 days.
Are there categories that do not require a work permit
Nulla Osta quota applies to almost all categories of professions.
The exception is a rather narrow circle of foreigners:
- employees with a high level of qualifications in the field of IT, medicine, film industry;
- teachers of higher educational institutions (especially, with a scientific degree) exclusively for the conduct of scientific activities;
- translators;
- volunteers.
List of main documents
To obtain a category D work visa, you must submit the following documents to the Italian consulate in your country:
- original and copy of the invitation (work permit) from the employer;
- visa application form;
- standard or biometric passport;
- original and copy of the passport of a citizen of their state;
- a receipt for payment of the consular fee.
In addition to a work permit, a work visa requires a temporary residence permit.
They are issued for the following period:
- 6 or 9 months for seasonal and temporary work;
- 24 months - for mercenaries and entrepreneurs.
Some professions require the submission of an additional package of documents. For example, foreign artists must also provide their portfolio and proof of residence in Italy.
Registration of a work visa
You can get a work visa within six months from the date of issuance of a work permit in Italy - the period for issuing it is about a month. The minimum visa validity period is 3 months.
Selection Criteria for Applicants for a Work Visa
A work visa is issued only in accordance with the presence of a work permit within the quota set by the Italian government.
Outside of quotas, only the following categories of professionals can qualify for a work visa:
- IT professionals who are transferred to the Italian branch of an international company for a period of 5 years or more;
- holders of the EU Blue Card.
Searching for other options for obtaining a visa outside the quota does not make sense, since the labor market in Italy is already overcrowded.
Work visa extension
A work permit can be renewed if it has been issued for more than a year to be employed. Seasonal permits of up to 9 months can be renewed for up to 2 years or more, provided that a permanent job has been found.
Business immigration
The requirements for companies are loyal here - the business must be really operating, and not exist only on paper. The minimum annual income of the company must be 20,000 euros... To confirm the status of an entrepreneur, the account of the business owner must have at least 10,000 euros.
Features of internship in the country
An internship for foreign students provides an opportunity to gain work experience. In accordance with the law, the employer does not pay for the trainee's work, but guarantees him the fulfillment of certain social obligations:
- insurance registration;
- depending on the agreement - reimbursement of travel and / or food and accommodation expenses.
The standard internship length is 4-12 months... A foreign student can get an internship if he has a student, family or work residence permit.
Consequences for attempting an illegal job placement
The punishment for illegal employment concerns, first of all, the employer. In accordance with the law, the one who provided a job without checking a residence permit, work visa or quota permit is subject to a fine of up to 43,000 euros.
An illegal employee is punished depending on the length of his stay in the country, the position he occupies, documents that he does not have. This can be either deportation with the seizure of documents and a ban on re-entry, or imprisonment for up to one and a half years.
Good salaries do not yet speak of comfortable employment in Italy - you need to go there if all the documents are in order and there are no problems with the law. Recently, the government has been pursuing a tough policy for the registration of foreigners, limiting their number with quotas and catching illegal immigrants.
