To take a minor child abroad even temporarily, for tourism, recreation or visiting relatives, it is necessary to comply with a number of rules established for processing travel documents. The procedure for export is regulated by Russian law, and import to another country is regulated by its laws.
Mandatory list
The main thing for any Russian citizen traveling abroad is a foreign passport. Minors are no exception. But a traveler does not need his own passport in all cases.
International passport
When a minor needs a foreigner:
- If the little traveler travels alone;
- If the trip is accompanied by third parties;
- If both (or one who travels together) parents have a new Russian passport, a ten-year validity period;
- If the state of entry requires a personal child passport;
- If the minor is already 14 years old.
In all other cases, there is no need to make a passport for each baby. There is enough information about him in the passports of the father or mother (if the document is five years old, old model).
Important! Also, the parent document must contain a photo of the child with a round stamp of the passport service on it.
Choosing a passport
Many people cannot decide which design template to choose for a son or daughter - a ten-year biometric or a five-year regular passport. In cases with a baby who is growing rapidly and whose appearance is changing, it is more expedient to choose the version of the old model.
In addition, a document with biometrics will cost 2500 Russian rubles, and the usual one is 1000.
Foreign passport with a short validity (old sample).
Birth certificate
You May Also Like
Some countries, for example, included in the CIS (with the exception of Ukraine), do not require a personal passport from children and even enter them in the parental document for foreign travel. In this case, the main document, including when traveling to these states, will be a birth certificate.
It must be provided with a stamp or insert demonstrating confirmation of Russian citizenship.
Important! If a minor traveling with a parent has a different surname, or up to 14 years old he travels on a separate travel document, confirmation of the fact of birth may be required by border guards, but not the original certificate, but a notarized copy, which must be taken with you.
Other travel documents
The list of additional documents includes more items and depends on which country the trip is made to and who accompanies the minor traveler on the trip.
Important! According to the new rules for the departure of Russian citizens who have not reached the age of majority abroad, if he travels (for temporary stay) with one parent, the consent of the other is not taken. If a third person takes out, or he goes to travel on his own, only the consent of the father or mother is enough.
The list of additional documents looks like this.
- Consent drawn up and certified by a notary, given by one parent, if he is sent outside Russia with a non-relative or unaccompanied;
- Consent from two (if any) parents, if another relative is taking the baby out;
- Confirmation of kinship of a parent leaving with a daughter or son, in case of a mismatch of surnames;
- Confirmation of marriage if accompanying father and mother have different surnames.
Table. Documents for various export options:
| Option | What do you need |
| Traveling with mother and father at the same time | Your child's passport, or the placement of data about him and a photo in the maternal or paternal passport of the old model. |
| Single parent travel |
|
| Traveling without parents with another relative | A separate foreign document of a small citizen and consent / power of attorney from both parents for the accompanying relative. |
| Traveling without parents or relatives, but accompanied by a third person (for example, a group leader) | Passport and consent of one parent in the name of the accompanying person. |
| Unaccompanied travel | A travel document in the form of a child's passport and the consent of one parent to move the child abroad unaccompanied. |
The rule of no consent of the second parent applies only to situations where he has not previously expressed his disagreement with the removal of the child. If they filed a written appeal expressing disagreement with the migration service, permission will have to be sought in court.
To get it, you will have to prove the need for export, for example, for treatment. This need will be confirmed by a medical certificate.
You May Also Like
Features of traveling to different countries
Before traveling, it is important to study the requirements of the host country, as there may be some nuances here.
Near Abroad
In the CIS countries, such as Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, a Russian citizen, including a child, can travel without a passport only with a document proving his identity, which is a birth certificate. It must contain a seal of citizenship.
Visa-free countries
An export permit is not required if the minor is traveling with the same mother or father to a visa-free country. These are Brazil and Turkey, Tunisia and Morocco, Egypt and other states that have simplified the visa regime with respect to Russia.
Schengen area
The situation is different when traveling to the Schengen area or other visa countries. First you need to go to the embassy or get a visa for the child in another way (e-visa). When submitting documents for a visa permit, you must attach the parental exit consent to the package of papers. If he is not there, the visa will not be given.
USA and Canada
When obtaining visas to some countries, which include the United States and Canada, permission will be required from both parents.
Age restrictions
According to Russian laws, children under 12 are not allowed to leave Russia alone, without adults. They must have an accompanying person up to this age. Another thing is that it will not necessarily be dad, mom or other relatives. If necessary, representatives of the airline or travel company can accompany the baby.
By the way. According to the law, under the supervision of a carrier, a small tourist can be sent abroad from the age of two, but not many airlines go for this, preferring to take him under their responsibility at least from the age of five.
In all these cases, consent is required from the father with the mother together or the guardians.
Notarial consent
After the documents proving the identity of the young citizen, notarized parental consent is the next main document, without which the export of a minor from the country in some cases cannot be carried out.
Consent is given by the parents (or one) of the minor, or his legal representatives. The document is always specific, it names the countries that the young traveler will visit, as well as the dates within which the trip fits.
By the way. The names of the countries are designated according to OK 004-97 - this is the Russian classifier of world states.You cannot write in the document "Balkan countries" or any other free name. Also, consent is not given to all countries of the world at once.
It is allowed to indicate the main Schengen country with the addition that the child can visit other countries of the zone. In the Schengen countries, the permit must be translated and apostilled.
The terms of consent are always indicated in the course of the planned trip. It is not allowed to indicate a period that is much longer than the travel time frame, or is unreasonable.
In some cases, consent is not required:
- If the mother and father are divorced and one is not located;
- When either the father or the mother is dead;
- If one of them is missing;
- Some living parents are deprived of their rights;
- One parent has been declared incapacitated.
In all these cases, if it is necessary to present consent to the export of the child, instead of this document, a document is presented confirming the impossibility of obtaining it (a court decision, a certificate of death, incapacity, loss, and so on).
Cost of notarial authorization - about 800 Russian rubles.
In order for a minor citizen to leave Russia before his majority, he will need a passport or birth certificate. There is an option of leaving with the introduction of personal data in the passport of one parent. In some cases, you need permission to leave, drawn up and certified in accordance with all the rules.
